Exploring the Role of Microneedling in Dermatology and Onco-dermatology: Current Applications, Future Directions, and Clinical Implications

Abstract

Background: Microneedling (MN) is an innovative therapeutic technique that has gained significant prominence over the last decade. It functions by inducing controlled physical trauma via needle penetration, which activates the skin's natural wound healing processes with minimal damage to the epidermis. A key ancillary benefit is its ability to significantly enhance the transdermal absorption of topically applied medications, making it a versatile tool for dermatological treatment. Objective: This review aims to synthesize and evaluate the current applications of microneedling within dermatology, with a specific focus on its use for treating various skin conditions and neoplasms. A further objective is to discuss the future prospects and necessary directions for research to optimize this technology. Methods: This study is structured as a comprehensive narrative review, analyzing and consolidating findings from existing literature on the clinical use of microneedling. The analysis encompasses its use both as a standalone procedure and in combination with topical therapeutics. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcomes assessed were the efficacy of MN in treating specific dermatological diseases and its role in enhancing drug delivery. Secondary outcomes included an evaluation of its advantages and the identification of optimal parameters for clinical use. Results: The review confirms that microneedling has been successfully employed to manage a wide spectrum of conditions, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, viral warts, scars, alopecia, pigmentation disorders, and skin tumors. Its hallmark advantages are a reduction in systemic adverse drug effects and a favorable safety profile. However, the literature reveals a lack of consensus on optimal device settings, treatment frequency, and intervals. Conclusion: Microneedling represents a highly promising and minimally invasive modality in dermatology. While current evidence supports its efficacy for diverse conditions, further advanced research is strongly recommended. Large-scale, precise clinical trials are essential to standardize treatment protocols and conclusively establish MN as a first-line effective treatment strategy